กำลังโหลด...
MODULE 7
คนสอบพลาดบ่อยมาก — ต้องท่องให้ขึ้นใจ
Verb แต่ละตัวต้องการ gerund หรือ infinitive หลังตัวเอง ไม่มีกฎตายตัว ต้องท่อง — แต่มีเทคนิคจำให้ง่ายขึ้น
Gerund (V-ing)
กริยาที่ทำหน้าที่เป็นคำนาม
Swimming is great exercise. (subject)
She enjoys reading. (object)
He is good at managing. (หลัง prep)
Infinitive (to + V)
กริยาฐาน นำหน้าด้วย "to"
To succeed requires effort. (subject)
She decided to leave. (object)
He worked hard to achieve it. (purpose)
🔑 กฎที่แน่นอนที่สุดในทั้ง module นี้
หลัง Preposition → Gerund เสมอ 100% ไม่มีข้อยกเว้น
in doing, for working, about attending, of managing, to being (to = prep ในบางกรณี)
ท่อง verb เหล่านี้ให้ขึ้นใจ — ตามด้วย -ing เสมอ
🧠 เทคนิคจำ Gerund Verbs
▸ ความรู้สึก/ความชอบ: enjoy, like (Gerund), love, dislike, mind, miss
▸ เสร็จ/หยุด/เลี่ยง: finish, quit, avoid, resist, stop (doing)
▸ แนะนำ/เสนอ: suggest, recommend, consider
▸ ยอมรับ/ปฏิเสธ: admit, deny, acknowledge
▸ ดำเนินต่อ: keep, continue (Gerund), practice, delay, postpone
| Verb | ตัวอย่าง | หมายเหตุ |
|---|---|---|
| enjoy | She enjoys working with international clients. | — |
| avoid | Please avoid making the same mistake twice. | avoid to make ❌ |
| suggest | He suggested postponing the launch event. | suggest to postpone ❌ |
| consider | We are considering expanding to new markets. | — |
| finish | Have you finished reviewing the report? | — |
| keep | Keep improving your skills every day. | keep + -ing = ทำต่อไป |
| admit | She admitted making an error in the data. | admit to making ก็ได้ |
| deny | He denied sending the confidential file. | — |
| mind | Do you mind waiting for a few minutes? | ใช้ถามขออนุญาต |
| risk | Don't risk losing the client over a minor issue. | — |
| delay | We can't delay implementing the new system. | — |
| involve | The job involves traveling frequently. | — |
❌ ผิด
She suggested to postpone the meeting.
✅ ถูก
She suggested postponing the meeting.
❌ ผิด
Please avoid to repeat the same error.
✅ ถูก
Please avoid repeating the same error.
ท่อง verb เหล่านี้ให้ขึ้นใจ — ตามด้วย to V เสมอ
🧠 เทคนิคจำ Infinitive Verbs
▸ ตัดสินใจ/วางแผน: decide, plan, choose, arrange, intend
▸ ความต้องการ/ความหวัง: want, hope, wish, expect, need
▸ ตกลง/สัญญา/เสนอ: agree, promise, offer, volunteer
▸ สำเร็จ/ล้มเหลว: manage (to do), fail (to do)
▸ ปฏิเสธ/เรียกร้อง: refuse, demand, claim
| Verb | ตัวอย่าง | หมายเหตุ |
|---|---|---|
| decide | The board decided to restructure the company. | — |
| plan | We plan to launch three new products next year. | — |
| agree | Both parties agreed to extend the contract. | — |
| manage | She managed to complete the report on time. | manage to do = สำเร็จแม้ยาก |
| fail | He failed to meet the quarterly targets. | fail to do = ไม่สำเร็จ |
| refuse | She refused to sign the unfair agreement. | — |
| offer | He offered to help with the presentation. | — |
| tend | Costs tend to increase during peak season. | — |
| expect | We expect to see improvement this quarter. | — |
| promise | She promised to deliver by Friday. | — |
❌ ผิด
They decided expanding the team immediately.
✅ ถูก
They decided to expand the team immediately.
❌ ผิด
She managed completing the project alone.
✅ ถูก
She managed to complete the project alone.
ข้อนี้ TOEIC ชอบออกมาก — ต้องอ่านบริบทให้ดี
rememberremember + -ing
จำได้ว่าเคยทำ (เหตุการณ์ผ่านไปแล้ว)
I remember sending the email yesterday.
→ ส่งไปแล้ว และยังจำได้
remember + to V
จำไว้ว่าต้องทำ (เหตุการณ์ยังไม่เกิด)
Remember to send the email before you leave.
→ เตือนตัวเองว่าต้องส่ง
forgetforget + -ing
ลืมว่าเคยทำ (ทำไปแล้ว)
I forgot meeting him at the conference.
→ เจอแล้ว แต่ลืมไปว่าเคยเจอ
forget + to V
ลืมว่าต้องทำ (ยังไม่ได้ทำ)
She forgot to submit the form.
→ ลืมส่ง = ไม่ได้ส่ง
stopstop + -ing
หยุดทำสิ่งนั้น (เลิกทำ)
He stopped smoking three years ago.
→ เลิกสูบบุหรี่แล้ว
stop + to V
หยุดสิ่งที่ทำอยู่ เพื่อไปทำอีกอย่าง
She stopped to answer the phone.
→ หยุดงาน แล้วไปรับโทรศัพท์
trytry + -ing
ลองทำดู (ทดลอง)
Try restarting the computer — it might fix the issue.
→ ลองทำเพื่อดูผล
try + to V
พยายามทำ (มีความพยายาม)
She tried to open the file but it was corrupted.
→ พยายาม แต่อาจไม่สำเร็จ
regretregret + -ing
เสียใจที่ได้ทำ (ทำไปแล้ว)
I regret telling him the news so bluntly.
→ เสียใจที่บอกไป (บอกแล้ว)
regret + to V
เสียใจที่ต้องบอก (กำลังจะบอก)
We regret to inform you that the event is cancelled.
→ รูปแบบ formal ในอีเมล
meanmean + -ing
หมายความว่า / นำไปสู่
Cutting costs means reducing staff.
→ การลดต้นทุน นำไปสู่การลดพนักงาน
mean + to V
ตั้งใจจะทำ
I meant to call you but forgot.
→ ตั้งใจจะโทร แต่ลืม
⭐ TOEIC ชอบออก regret + infinitive
We regret to inform you that your application was unsuccessful.
💡 regret to inform = เสียใจที่ต้องแจ้ง (formal letter/email) — ออกใน Part 6 และ 7 บ่อยมาก
ใช้ได้ทั้งคู่ ความหมายไม่ต่างกัน
| Verb | Gerund | Infinitive | หมายเหตุ |
|---|---|---|---|
| like | She likes working here. | She likes to work here. | ความหมายเดียวกัน |
| love | He loves traveling. | He loves to travel. | ความหมายเดียวกัน |
| hate | I hate waiting. | I hate to wait. | ความหมายเดียวกัน |
| begin | It began raining. | It began to rain. | ความหมายเดียวกัน |
| start | She started crying. | She started to cry. | ความหมายเดียวกัน |
| continue | He continued working. | He continued to work. | ความหมายเดียวกัน |
| prefer | I prefer working alone. | I prefer to work alone. | ความหมายเดียวกัน |
ข้อยกเว้น: หลัง begin/start/continue ถ้า verb หลักเป็น Stative verb (know, understand) → ใช้ infinitive เท่านั้น: "I began to understand." ไม่ใช่ "began understanding"
กฎที่แน่นอนที่สุด — หลัง preposition ใช้ gerund เสมอ 100%
Adjective / Noun + Preposition + Gerund — ออกสอบบ่อยมาก
| โครงสร้าง | ตัวอย่าง |
|---|---|
| interested in + -ing | She is interested in joining the project. |
| responsible for + -ing | He is responsible for managing the team. |
| good at + -ing | Are you good at analyzing data? |
| experienced in + -ing | She is experienced in handling negotiations. |
| capable of + -ing | He is capable of leading the department. |
| excited about + -ing | They are excited about launching the product. |
| committed to + -ing | We are committed to delivering quality service. |
| accustomed to + -ing | She is accustomed to working under pressure. |
| dedicated to + -ing | He is dedicated to improving client relations. |
| skilled at + -ing | She is skilled at resolving conflicts. |
| fond of + -ing | He is fond of organizing team events. |
| in charge of + -ing | She is in charge of coordinating the project. |
⚠️ "to" ที่เป็น Preposition (ไม่ใช่ Infinitive!) → ตามด้วย Gerund
| โครงสร้าง (to = preposition) | ตัวอย่าง |
|---|---|
| look forward to + -ing | We look forward to hearing from you. |
| be used to + -ing | She is used to working night shifts. |
| be accustomed to + -ing | He is accustomed to dealing with pressure. |
| be committed to + -ing | We are committed to providing excellent service. |
| be devoted to + -ing | She is devoted to helping others. |
| in addition to + -ing | In addition to managing the team, she trains new staff. |
| with a view to + -ing | We invested with a view to expanding globally. |
| object to + -ing | He objects to being treated unfairly. |
❌ ผิด
We look forward to hear from you.
✅ ถูก
We look forward to hearing from you.
❌ ผิด
She is used to work late every day.
✅ ถูก
She is used to working late every day.
📌 Verb + Preposition + Gerund (ออกสอบบ่อย)
| โครงสร้าง | ตัวอย่าง |
|---|---|
| think about + -ing | We are thinking about relocating the office. |
| talk about + -ing | They talked about restructuring the team. |
| insist on + -ing | She insisted on reviewing the contract again. |
| succeed in + -ing | He succeeded in securing the deal. |
| apologize for + -ing | She apologized for arriving late. |
| thank (sb) for + -ing | Thank you for attending the conference. |
| result in + -ing | The error resulted in losing the client. |
| prevent (sb) from + -ing | The weather prevented us from traveling. |
| keep (sb) from + -ing | Nothing will keep her from achieving her goals. |
ใช้ Gerund แทน Noun ได้
| หน้าที่ | ตัวอย่าง | เทียบกับ Noun |
|---|---|---|
| Subject | Managing people requires patience. | = People management requires patience. |
| Subject | Attending the seminar is mandatory. | = Attendance at the seminar is mandatory. |
| Object | She enjoys collaborating with others. | = She enjoys collaboration. |
| หลัง Preposition | He excels at problem-solving. | = He excels at solving problems. |
| หลัง Possessive | His constant complaining is annoying. | = His complaints are annoying. |
Hiring qualified staff is the biggest challenge.
💡 Hiring = Gerund เป็น subject ของประโยค
The company's goal is expanding into new markets.
💡 expanding = Gerund เป็น complement หลัง 'is'
We look forward to working with you on this project.
💡 look forward to + -ing (ใน email ทุกฉบับ)
Please feel free to contact us if you need further assistance.
💡 feel free to + V (infinitive)
We regret to inform you that your application was not successful.
💡 regret to inform (formal rejection)
She is responsible for overseeing the entire project.
💡 responsible for + -ing
The new regulation requires all employees to complete the training.
💡 require + object + to V (infinitive)
Management decided to postpone the merger until next year.
💡 decide + to V | postpone + -ing
In addition to attending the conference, she gave a keynote speech.
💡 in addition to + -ing
1. The team decided _____ the project deadline by two weeks.
2. She suggested _____ the meeting to the following Monday.
3. He is responsible for _____ all client communications.
4. I remember _____ the invoice last Friday, but the client says they never received it.
5. The manager stopped _____ and immediately called for help.
6. The company plans _____ three new branches next year.
7. He avoided _____ the difficult question during the interview.
8. In addition to _____ the report, she also prepared the presentation.
9. Please try _____ the form again — the system may have had an error.
10. She admitted _____ the error in the financial report.
หลัง Preposition → Gerund เสมอ 100% (in doing, for working, about attending)
"to" ที่เป็น preposition → Gerund: look forward to doing, used to doing, committed to doing
enjoy / avoid / finish / suggest / consider / admit / deny → Gerund เสมอ
decide / plan / want / agree / manage / fail / refuse / promise → Infinitive เสมอ
remember doing = จำได้ว่าทำไปแล้ว | remember to do = จำไว้ว่าต้องทำ
stop doing = เลิกทำ | stop to do = หยุดเพื่อไปทำอีกอย่าง
try doing = ลองทำดู | try to do = พยายามทำ
regret to inform = เสียใจที่ต้องบอก (formal email) — ออกใน TOEIC เยอะมาก
require / ask / want / expect + object + to V (infinitive)
used to + V1 = เคยทำ (อดีต) | be used to + -ing = คุ้นเคยกับ — ต่างกันมาก!